Percentage Calculator
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How to Calculate Percentages
To calculate a percentage, multiply the value by 100 and then divide it by the total. For example, if there are 10 items and you want to find the percentage of one item, you would multiply the value by 100 and then divide by 10.
What is the Percentage?
A percentage is a number or rate expressed as a fraction of 100. It is often denoted using the percent sign, "%", or the abbreviations "pct.", "pct"; sometimes the abbreviation "crit" is also used. A percentage is a dimensionless number (pure number). Since it is often used to express a proportion, the total number of units is not generally included in a percentage. For example, 45% (read as "forty-five percent") is equivalent to 45/100 or 0.45. Percentages are often used to express a proportionate part of a total. When the total number of units is not known, but only the number of units in a certain proportion, percentages are a useful way of expressing the information.
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How to Find the Percentage of Numbers?
To calculate the percentage of a number, you first convert the number to a fraction or decimal and then multiply it by 100. For example, to find 19 percent of 120, you convert 19 percent to a fraction, which is 19/100, and then multiply it by 120. 19/100 * 120 = 22.8.
History of Percentage - the Percent Sign
The percent sign is a symbol used to indicate a percentage, a number, or a ratio as a fraction of 100. The term per cent derives from the Latin per centum, meaning "by the hundred" or "for each hundred". The symbol for per cent evolved from the symbol for the Latin word centum, which in turn evolved from the Greek letter chi (X), which was pronounced as kai (meaning "and").
The percent sign is used in mathematical expressions to denote a number or ratio as a fraction of 100. For example, the mathematical expression 5% means 5 per 100, or 5 out of 100.
The percent sign is also used in business and economics to denote a change in an economic variable. For example, a 5% increase in the price of a good would be represented as P + 5%.
The percent sign is also used in statistics to denote a percentage. For example, if 50% of the people in a population are female, this would be represented as 50% F.
The percent sign has been in use since the 18th century, and its use has been steadily increasing since then.
Percentage Formula
To calculate a percentage, multiply the value by the percent. Then, divide by 100.
Examples
- 30% of 45
- 30% * 45 = 13.5
- 5 / 100 = 0.135
- 30% of 45 is 13.5
- 50% of 120
- 50% * 120 = 60
- 60 / 100 = 0.6
- 50% of 120 is 60
Percentage Difference Formula
Percentage Difference = | (Value 1 - Value 2) / Average of Value 1 and Value 2 | x 100
Example of Percentage Difference
Let's assume that you took a sample of 30 students in a class. The first time, you asked the students to rate your class on a scale of 1-5. The average class rating was 4.3. The second time, you asked the same group of students to rate your class on a scale of 1-5, but this time the average class rating was 4.5.
What is the percentage difference between the average class ratings?
To solve this problem, we need to use the percentage difference formula. The steps are as follows:
- Step 1: Subtract the first average class rating from the second average class rating. 4.5 - 4.3 = 0.2
- Step 2: Take the absolute value of the answer in Step 1. |0.2| = 0.2
- Step 3: Add the first average class rating to the second average class rating. 4.3 + 4.5 = 8.8
- Step 4: Divide the answer in Step 2 by the answer in Step 3. 0.2 / 8.8 = 0.02272727
- Step 5: Multiply the answer in Step 4 by 100. 0.02272727 x 100 = 2.3
The percentage difference between the average class ratings is 2.3%.
Percentage Change Formula
Percentage Change = (New Value - Original Value) / Original Value * 100
To calculate the percentage change between two numbers, simply subtract the number you started with from the number you ended with, then divide the difference by the number you started with. The result will be the percentage change between the two numbers.
For example, let's say that you started with 10 and ended with 15. The difference between the two numbers is 5, and when you divide 5 by 10, you get 0.5. To turn this into a percentage, you would multiply by 100 to get 50%. Therefore, the percentage change between 10 and 15 is 50%.
If you want to calculate the percentage change between two percentages, you can use the following formula:
Percentage Change = (New Percentage - Original Percentage) / Original Percentage
For example, let's say that you started with 50% and ended with 75%. The difference between the two percentages is 25%, and when you divide 25% by 50%, you get 0.5. To turn this into a percentage, you would multiply by 100 to get 50%. Therefore, the percentage change between 50% and 75% is 50%.
It's important to note that the percentage change formula only works when the two numbers you're comparing are of the same type. For example, you can't compare a percentage to a raw number. If you try to do this, the result will be meaningless.
What is the Easiest Way to Figure Out Percentages?
To figure out percentages, you can use a calculator, or you can divide the number by the whole and multiply by 100.
For example, if you wanted to find 19% of 300, you would divide 19 by 300 and multiply by 100. This would give you 6.3%.
How do I Calculate X Percent of Y?
To calculate x percent of y:
- Divide x by 100.
- Multiply x by y.
The resultant number is x% of y.